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Some glass-ceramic materials (mostly in the lithium aluminosilicate (LAS) system ) include a controlled proportion of material with a negative expansion coefficient, so that the overall coefficient can be reduced to almost exactly zero over a reasonably wide range of temperatures.Īmong the best thermomechanical materials, there are alumina, zirconia, tungsten alloys, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, and some stainless steels. Increasing the toughness of the material through crack tip blunting or crack deflection, utilizing the process of plastic deformation and phase transformationīorosilicate glass is made to withstand thermal shock better than most other glass through a combination of reduced expansion coefficient and greater strength, though fused quartz outperforms it in both these respects.

Decreasing the Young's modulus of the material.Introducing compressive stress in the material, such as in tempered glass.Increasing the strength of the material.Reducing the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material.

Increasing the thermal conductivity of the material.

Minimizing the thermal gradient by changing the temperature gradually.

Methods to prevent thermal shock include: When the strain exceeds the tensile strength of the material, it can cause cracks to form and eventually lead to structural failure. This differential expansion can be understood in terms of strain, rather than stress. The load is caused by the differential expansion of different parts of the object due to the temperature change. Thermal shock is a phenomenon characterized by a rapid change in temperature that results in a transient mechanical load on an object.

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